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Honduras

HN

Latin America

Honduras is home to 10 documented ethnic groups in Latin America — led by Mestizo Honduran (~82%), Lenca (~6%), Garifuna (~4%), Afro-Honduran (~2%). This page blends their phenotype and demographic data into one weighted reference: skin tone, facial features, hair texture and build, drawn from published census and ancestry sources.

Demographic Composition

Composition weights are derived from self-identification in published census and demographic surveys. Each row links to the source ethnic-group atlas page.

Ethnic groupWeightSource
Mestizo HonduranMestizo Honduran81.5%INE 2013 Census (XVII Censo de Población y VI de Vivienda 2013), self-identified mestizo / ladino-honduran (~81.5%); the dominant national identity, residual of Spanish colonial settlement mixing with Indigenous Lenca, Pech, Tolupán, and other source populations
LencaLenca6.3%INE 2013 Census, self-identified Lenca (~6.3%, ~454,000); the largest Indigenous population in Honduras, concentrated in the western departments of Lempira, Intibucá, La Paz, and parts of Comayagua, Francisco Morazán, and Valle
GarifunaGarifuna4.4%INE 2013 Census, self-identified Garífuna (~4.4%, ~315,000); the largest Garífuna population in any country, concentrated along the Caribbean coast of Atlántida, Colón, and the Bay Islands
Afro-HonduranAfro-Honduran2.0%INE 2013 Census, self-identified Negro/Afrohondureño/Creole (~2.0%); excludes Garífuna (separately enumerated). Includes the English-Creole-speaking Bay Islander community (Roatán, Utila, Guanaja) descended from 18th-19th c. British colonization plus the broader Afro-descendant Caribbean coastal population
White HonduranWhite Honduran1.8%INE 2013 Census, self-identified blanco (~1.8%); concentrated in Tegucigalpa, San Pedro Sula, and the Bay Islands; substantial Lebanese-Syrian-Honduran (Turcos, ~200,000+ descended from late-19th early-20th c. Levantine immigration; politically and economically prominent), plus Spanish, Italian, German, and US descent
TolupánTolupán1.4%INE 2013 Census, self-identified Tolupán/Jicaque (~1.4%, ~10,000+ plus broader self-identifying descendant population); concentrated in Yoro and Francisco Morazán departments. The Tolupán/Tol language family has only a few hundred remaining speakers
MiskitoMiskito1.2%INE 2013 Census, self-identified Miskito (~1.2%, ~80,000); concentrated in the Mosquitia region (Gracias a Dios Department) on the Caribbean coast bordering Nicaragua, with cross-border population shared with Nicaragua
PechPech0.6%INE 2013 Census, self-identified Pech/Paya (~0.6%, ~6,000+); concentrated in the eastern departments of Olancho, Colón, and Gracias a Dios. The Pech language is a Chibchan family language, distinct from Mesoamerican languages
Chorti MayaChorti Maya0.5%INE 2013 Census, self-identified Maya Chortí in Honduras (~0.5%, ~33,000+); concentrated in Copán and Ocotepeque departments adjacent to the Guatemalan Chortí cross-border population
TawahkaTawahka0.3%INE 2013 Census, self-identified Tawahka/Sumo (~0.3%, ~2,500+); concentrated along the Patuca River in Olancho and Gracias a Dios departments. Cross-border population shared with Nicaragua

Honduras Phenotype Profile

Honduras has a Mestizo-majority population structure (~82% per 2013 INE census) with a substantial Indigenous diversity (~9% combined across nine recognized peoples) and the largest Garífuna population in any country (~4.4%). The Indigenous population includes the largest Lenca population in Central America (~6.3%) plus several smaller groups (Tolupán, Pech, Tawahka, Chortí Maya, Miskito). The Caribbean coast hosts the largest Garífuna concentration in any country, the bulk of the Miskito population, the English-Creole-speaking Bay Islander community, and the broader Afro-descendant West Indian-derived population. The Lebanese-Syrian-Honduran (Turco) business community, though small numerically (~2%), has been politically prominent since the late 20th century.

Genome-wide studies place average national ancestry at approximately 50-65% European, 30-45% Indigenous American, and 5-15% African, with strong regional patterning. The western highland departments carry Lenca-influenced phenotype distribution with higher Indigenous ancestry. The Caribbean coast carries Garífuna, Miskito, and Afro-descendant West Indian populations with substantial African ancestry. The central highland and Tegucigalpa-San Pedro Sula axis carries the bulk of the Mestizo population with intermediate phenotype distribution. The Bay Islands host a population with substantial British and other northern European admixture from 18th-19th c. colonization plus enslaved-African descendants. Skin tone across the population spans Fitzpatrick II-VI with III-IV the modal range nationally. Hair texture spans straight to coily depending on regional and ancestry-group composition. Eye color is predominantly brown nationally with elevated light-eye frequencies in white-Honduran and Bay Islander populations.

A descriptive view, not a claim about individuals

This page shows a weighted aggregate of phenotype observations across the Honduras population, based on demographic composition from published census and ancestry sources. Phenotypes within any country are far more varied than the aggregate suggests; this is a descriptive reference, not a deterministic claim about any individual. For source-level detail on individual ethnic groups, see the constituent atlas pages linked below.

Methodology Notes

Composition weights are derived from Honduras's 2013 INE Census (XVII Censo de Población y VI de Vivienda 2013), the most recent comprehensive Honduran census; the 2024 census is in process but full microdata for the ethno-racial question are not yet released. The 2013 census enumerated self-identification across the constitutionally-recognized categories including the nine Indigenous peoples (Lenca, Garífuna, Miskito, Tolupán, Pech, Tawahka, Chortí, Negro Inglés/Creole, plus residual). Caveats: (1) the Mestizo / white-Honduran self-identification boundary is socially fluid; (2) the Bay Islander population is partially captured under white-Honduran and partially under Negro Inglés/Creole — different surveys produce different distributions; (3) the Miskito population is partially Afro-Indigenous and self-identification varies across the Honduran-Nicaraguan border; (4) the post-2013 emigration wave from Honduras to the United States, particularly affecting Garífuna and Maya-Chortí communities, has altered source-country demographics in ways not captured by 2013 data.

See full project methodology →

Primary Sources

  1. 1.Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). XVII Censo de Población y VI de Vivienda 2013. Tegucigalpa: INE; 2014.
  2. 2.Hellenthal G, Busby GBJ, Band G, et al. A genetic atlas of human admixture history. Science. 2014;343(6172):747-751. doi:10.1126/science.1243518
  3. 3.Anderson MK. Black and Indigenous: Garifuna Activism and Consumer Culture in Honduras. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press; 2009.
  4. 4.Stonich SC. The Other Side of Paradise: Tourism, Conservation, and Development in the Bay Islands. New York: Cognizant Communication; 2000.
  5. 5.Chapman A. Los hijos del copal y la candela: Tradición católica de los lencas de Honduras. UNAM; 1985.

Other countries in Latin America

Aggregate phenotype references for neighbouring Latin America nations, weighted by demographic composition.