Afro-Cuban Erotic

Afro-Cubans comprise approximately 9.3% of the population per the 2012 ONEI census (self-identified Negro), though Afro-Cuban advocacy organizations and genealogical scholars argue this substantially undercounts the population of African descent — adding the mulato-Cuban share gives a combined Afro-descendant share of 36% of the population, and inclusive definitions including detectable African ancestry in white-Cuban populations produce even higher estimates. The community descends primarily from approximately 850,000 enslaved Africans brought to colonial Cuba between the 16th and 19th centuries (with the largest arrivals in the 19th c. as Cuba became the dominant Caribbean sugar-producing colony after the Haitian Revolution), with source populations from West Africa (particularly Yoruba — the foundation of Cuban Santería religion — Akan, Igbo) and Central Africa (Bantu-language Kongo populations, the foundation of Cuban Palo Mayombe religion). The community is concentrated in eastern Cuba (Santiago de Cuba, Guantánamo, Granma, Holguín, Las Tunas — historically the slave-trade arrival points and sugar-plantation zones), plus substantial populations in Havana and the central sugar-economy provinces. Cuban music (rumba, son cubano, mambo, Afro-Cuban jazz), religion (Santería, Palo Mayombe, Abakuá), and cuisine are heavily Afro-Cuban-derived.